Duodate vaikui telefoną? Perskaitykite šitą straipsnį – gal elgsitės kitaip

2015-04-30, DELFI.lt
„Samsung Galaxy Note 4
„Samsung Galaxy Note 4" išmanusis telefonas © Reuters/Scanpix
Perprasti emocijas ir būti empatiškiems dabartinės kartos vaikams yra gerokai sunkiau nei anksčiau. Taip yra todėl, kad jie praleidžia per daug laiko įnikę į planšetes ir išmaniuosius telefonus, perspėja britų psichiatras Ianas MacGilchristas.

Dėl pernelyg intensyvios sąveikos su technologijomis jau penkerių metų amžiaus vaikams sunkiai sekasi perprasti veido mimikas, „The Telegraph“ pasakojo specialistas. Be to, psichiatras tvirtina, kad vis daugiau vaikų pasižymi autistiniu elgesiu.

Tiesa, ekspertai pastebi, kad vaikų gebėjimo perprasti emocijas stoka gali būti ne tik per didelės technologijų įtakos, bet ir kalbos ar kultūrinių barjerų pasekmė.

I. MacGilchristas tvirtina, kad daugėja mokytojų, kuriems tenka aiškinti vaikams, ką reiškia viena ar kita veido išraiška. Šiandien taip nutinka žymiai dažniau nei prieš keletą metų. Psichiatras pasakojo bendravęs su Didžiosios Britanijos mokytojais, kurie dirba su penkerių–septynerių metų amžiaus vaikais. Šie mokytojai paskaičiavo, kad apytikriai trečdaliui jų auklėtinių sudėtinga išlaikyti dėmesį, perprasti veido išraiškas ir parodyti empatiją.

„Šie žmonės dirba mokytojais jau 30 metų, ir anksčiau buvo susidūrę tik su keletu atveju, kuomet vaikams šios paprastos užduotys atrodė sudėtingos ir jie nesugebėjo jų atlikti. Žmonėms tampa vis sunkiau bendrauti emociškai – tai yra vienas iš autizmo bruožų“, – įsitikinęs I. MacGilchristas.

Psichiatro nuomone, galima matyti aiškius požymius, kad vaikai šiandien yra ne tokie empatiški kaip prieš ketvertą dešimtmečių. „Vaikai vis daugiau laiko nei anksčiau praleidžia virtualioje realybėje, kur jiems netenka susidurti su realaus gyvenimo pasekmėmis. Virtualioje aplinkoje jiems nereikia stengtis suprasti realiame gyvenime pasitaikančių subtilių užuominų, kaip kad tektų bežaidžiant kieme su vaikais“, – aiškina I. MacGilchristas.

Psichiatras taip pat mato neraminančią tendenciją: maži vaikai nebegauna tiek individualaus dėmesio namuose. Šeimos nariai dažnai atlieka keletą darbų vienu metu, o vaikas paliekamas prie televizoriaus ar planšetės ekrano.

„Tai, kad jau negebame be problemų bendrauti su žmonėmis ir perprasti veido išraiškų, nebestebina, turint omenyje, kad vis labiau pasineriame į virtualų pasaulį“, – apgailestauja I. MacGilchristas.

Tačiau kiti specialistai linkę manyti, kad empatijos stoką nulemiančių priežasčių yra keletas. Dr. Nadja Reissland, psichologė, Durhamo universiteto dėstytoja, mano, kad tvirtinti, jog dabartiniai vaikai sunkiau perpranta emocijas, yra „drąsus pareiškimas“. „Tai gali būti tiesa, tačiau būtina apie šiuos vaikus žinoti daugiau. Galbūt jie nenori kalbėti apie savo jausmus, galbūt nėra pratę to daryti. Be to, vaikai taip pat gali būti kilę iš skirtingų kultūrų, kuriose nepriimtina rodyti emocijas“.


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